本篇文章中,我將使用 ESP32-CAM 開發板建構一個 Web 監控攝像頭以及一個門鈴監控器。ESP32 攝影鏡頭將託管給一個視頻流網絡服務器,您可以使用網絡中的任何設備訪問該服務器。
您可以將此視頻流 Web 服務器與Home Assistant或Node-RED或自建一個網站等流行的家庭自動化平台整合。在本教程中,我們將向您展示如何將其與 Home Assistant 和 Node-RED或自建網站 整合。
文章目錄標題
所需零件
您需要以下零件:
- ESP32-CAM
- USB to TTL轉接線(PL2303或CH340)
- 母對母跳線
- 3D列印一組攝影鏡頭外殼
- ESP32-CAM 5V電源
- Nginx Server 設定網域對內IP用
介紹ESP32-CAM
ESP32 -CAM是一款非常小的攝影鏡頭模組,採用 ESP32-S 晶片,成本不到 300 元台幣。您可以閱讀我們的 ESP32-CAM 入門指南並了解如何使用視頻流和人臉識別範例。
Video Streaming 服務器
按照以下步驟使用 ESP32-CAM 建構Video Streaming Web 服務器,您可以在local端網路上訪問該服務器。
1.安裝ESP32外掛
在本例中,我們使用 Arduino IDE 對 ESP32-CAM 開發板進行編程。因此,您需要安裝 Arduino IDE 以及 ESP32 外掛。如果您還沒有安裝 ESP32 外掛,請安裝之。
2. Video Streaming網路服務器程式碼
接著,將下面的程式碼複製到您的 Arduino IDE。
/*********
Rui Santos
Complete project details at https://RandomNerdTutorials.com/esp32-cam-video-streaming-web-server-camera-home-assistant/
IMPORTANT!!!
- Select Board "AI Thinker ESP32-CAM"
- GPIO 0 must be connected to GND to upload a sketch
- After connecting GPIO 0 to GND, press the ESP32-CAM on-board RESET button to put your board in flashing mode
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files.
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.
*********/
#include "esp_camera.h"
#include
#include "esp_timer.h"
#include "img_converters.h"
#include "Arduino.h"
#include "fb_gfx.h"
#include "soc/soc.h" //disable brownout problems
#include "soc/rtc_cntl_reg.h" //disable brownout problems
#include "esp_http_server.h"
//Replace with your network credentials
const char* ssid = "REPLACE_WITH_YOUR_SSID";
const char* password = "REPLACE_WITH_YOUR_PASSWORD";
#define PART_BOUNDARY "123456789000000000000987654321"
// This project was tested with the AI Thinker Model, M5STACK PSRAM Model and M5STACK WITHOUT PSRAM
#define CAMERA_MODEL_AI_THINKER
//#define CAMERA_MODEL_M5STACK_PSRAM
//#define CAMERA_MODEL_M5STACK_WITHOUT_PSRAM
// Not tested with this model
//#define CAMERA_MODEL_WROVER_KIT
#if defined(CAMERA_MODEL_WROVER_KIT)
#define PWDN_GPIO_NUM -1
#define RESET_GPIO_NUM -1
#define XCLK_GPIO_NUM 21
#define SIOD_GPIO_NUM 26
#define SIOC_GPIO_NUM 27
#define Y9_GPIO_NUM 35
#define Y8_GPIO_NUM 34
#define Y7_GPIO_NUM 39
#define Y6_GPIO_NUM 36
#define Y5_GPIO_NUM 19
#define Y4_GPIO_NUM 18
#define Y3_GPIO_NUM 5
#define Y2_GPIO_NUM 4
#define VSYNC_GPIO_NUM 25
#define HREF_GPIO_NUM 23
#define PCLK_GPIO_NUM 22
#elif defined(CAMERA_MODEL_M5STACK_PSRAM)
#define PWDN_GPIO_NUM -1
#define RESET_GPIO_NUM 15
#define XCLK_GPIO_NUM 27
#define SIOD_GPIO_NUM 25
#define SIOC_GPIO_NUM 23
#define Y9_GPIO_NUM 19
#define Y8_GPIO_NUM 36
#define Y7_GPIO_NUM 18
#define Y6_GPIO_NUM 39
#define Y5_GPIO_NUM 5
#define Y4_GPIO_NUM 34
#define Y3_GPIO_NUM 35
#define Y2_GPIO_NUM 32
#define VSYNC_GPIO_NUM 22
#define HREF_GPIO_NUM 26
#define PCLK_GPIO_NUM 21
#elif defined(CAMERA_MODEL_M5STACK_WITHOUT_PSRAM)
#define PWDN_GPIO_NUM -1
#define RESET_GPIO_NUM 15
#define XCLK_GPIO_NUM 27
#define SIOD_GPIO_NUM 25
#define SIOC_GPIO_NUM 23
#define Y9_GPIO_NUM 19
#define Y8_GPIO_NUM 36
#define Y7_GPIO_NUM 18
#define Y6_GPIO_NUM 39
#define Y5_GPIO_NUM 5
#define Y4_GPIO_NUM 34
#define Y3_GPIO_NUM 35
#define Y2_GPIO_NUM 17
#define VSYNC_GPIO_NUM 22
#define HREF_GPIO_NUM 26
#define PCLK_GPIO_NUM 21
#elif defined(CAMERA_MODEL_AI_THINKER)
#define PWDN_GPIO_NUM 32
#define RESET_GPIO_NUM -1
#define XCLK_GPIO_NUM 0
#define SIOD_GPIO_NUM 26
#define SIOC_GPIO_NUM 27
#define Y9_GPIO_NUM 35
#define Y8_GPIO_NUM 34
#define Y7_GPIO_NUM 39
#define Y6_GPIO_NUM 36
#define Y5_GPIO_NUM 21
#define Y4_GPIO_NUM 19
#define Y3_GPIO_NUM 18
#define Y2_GPIO_NUM 5
#define VSYNC_GPIO_NUM 25
#define HREF_GPIO_NUM 23
#define PCLK_GPIO_NUM 22
#else
#error "Camera model not selected"
#endif
static const char* _STREAM_CONTENT_TYPE = "multipart/x-mixed-replace;boundary=" PART_BOUNDARY;
static const char* _STREAM_BOUNDARY = "\r\n--" PART_BOUNDARY "\r\n";
static const char* _STREAM_PART = "Content-Type: image/jpeg\r\nContent-Length: %u\r\n\r\n";
httpd_handle_t stream_httpd = NULL;
static esp_err_t stream_handler(httpd_req_t *req){
camera_fb_t * fb = NULL;
esp_err_t res = ESP_OK;
size_t _jpg_buf_len = 0;
uint8_t * _jpg_buf = NULL;
char * part_buf[64];
res = httpd_resp_set_type(req, _STREAM_CONTENT_TYPE);
if(res != ESP_OK){
return res;
}
while(true){
fb = esp_camera_fb_get();
if (!fb) {
Serial.println("Camera capture failed");
res = ESP_FAIL;
} else {
if(fb->width > 400){
if(fb->format != PIXFORMAT_JPEG){
bool jpeg_converted = frame2jpg(fb, 80, &_jpg_buf, &_jpg_buf_len);
esp_camera_fb_return(fb);
fb = NULL;
if(!jpeg_converted){
Serial.println("JPEG compression failed");
res = ESP_FAIL;
}
} else {
_jpg_buf_len = fb->len;
_jpg_buf = fb->buf;
}
}
}
if(res == ESP_OK){
size_t hlen = snprintf((char *)part_buf, 64, _STREAM_PART, _jpg_buf_len);
res = httpd_resp_send_chunk(req, (const char *)part_buf, hlen);
}
if(res == ESP_OK){
res = httpd_resp_send_chunk(req, (const char *)_jpg_buf, _jpg_buf_len);
}
if(res == ESP_OK){
res = httpd_resp_send_chunk(req, _STREAM_BOUNDARY, strlen(_STREAM_BOUNDARY));
}
if(fb){
esp_camera_fb_return(fb);
fb = NULL;
_jpg_buf = NULL;
} else if(_jpg_buf){
free(_jpg_buf);
_jpg_buf = NULL;
}
if(res != ESP_OK){
break;
}
//Serial.printf("MJPG: %uB\n",(uint32_t)(_jpg_buf_len));
}
return res;
}
void startCameraServer(){
httpd_config_t config = HTTPD_DEFAULT_CONFIG();
config.server_port = 80;
httpd_uri_t index_uri = {
.uri = "/",
.method = HTTP_GET,
.handler = stream_handler,
.user_ctx = NULL
};
//Serial.printf("Starting web server on port: '%d'\n", config.server_port);
if (httpd_start(&stream_httpd, &config) == ESP_OK) {
httpd_register_uri_handler(stream_httpd, &index_uri);
}
}
void setup() {
WRITE_PERI_REG(RTC_CNTL_BROWN_OUT_REG, 0); //disable brownout detector
Serial.begin(115200);
Serial.setDebugOutput(false);
camera_config_t config;
config.ledc_channel = LEDC_CHANNEL_0;
config.ledc_timer = LEDC_TIMER_0;
config.pin_d0 = Y2_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_d1 = Y3_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_d2 = Y4_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_d3 = Y5_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_d4 = Y6_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_d5 = Y7_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_d6 = Y8_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_d7 = Y9_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_xclk = XCLK_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_pclk = PCLK_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_vsync = VSYNC_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_href = HREF_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_sscb_sda = SIOD_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_sscb_scl = SIOC_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_pwdn = PWDN_GPIO_NUM;
config.pin_reset = RESET_GPIO_NUM;
config.xclk_freq_hz = 20000000;
config.pixel_format = PIXFORMAT_JPEG;
if(psramFound()){
config.frame_size = FRAMESIZE_UXGA;
config.jpeg_quality = 10;
config.fb_count = 2;
} else {
config.frame_size = FRAMESIZE_SVGA;
config.jpeg_quality = 12;
config.fb_count = 1;
}
// Camera init
esp_err_t err = esp_camera_init(&config);
if (err != ESP_OK) {
Serial.printf("Camera init failed with error 0x%x", err);
return;
}
// Wi-Fi connection
WiFi.begin(ssid, password);
while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
delay(500);
Serial.print(".");
}
Serial.println("");
Serial.println("WiFi connected");
Serial.print("Camera Stream Ready! Go to: http://");
Serial.print(WiFi.localIP());
// Start streaming web server
startCameraServer();
}
void loop() {
delay(1);
}
在上傳程式碼前,您需要在下面變數中替換成您自己的網路憑證:
const char* ssid = "REPLACE_WITH_YOUR_SSID";
const char* password = "REPLACE_WITH_YOUR_PASSWORD";
然後,確保選擇正確的相機模組。在這種情況下,我們使用的是 AI-THINKER 模型。
如果您使用相同的相機模組,則無需更改程式碼上的任何內容。
#define CAMERA_MODEL_AI_THINKER
現在,您可以將程式碼上傳到您的 ESP32-CAM 開發板上。
3. 上傳程式碼
使用PL2303或CH340轉接線(我使用的是CH340轉接線),將 ESP32-CAM 板連接到您的計算機。按照下面的示意圖:
許多轉接線都有一個跳線,允許您選擇 3.3V 或 5V。確保跳線在正確的位置以選擇 5V。
ESP32-CAM | CH340 |
GND | GND |
5V | VCC (5V) |
U0R | TX |
U0T | RX |
GPIO 0 | GND |
要上傳程式碼,請按照下面步驟操作:
1) 轉到工具>開發板並選擇ESP32 Dev Module。
2) 轉到工具>端口並選擇 ESP32 連接的 COM 端口。
3)然後,點擊上傳按鈕上傳程式碼。
4)當您在編程視窗上看到下面這些點及__時,如下圖所示,按下 ESP32-CAM 開發板的 RST 按鈕。
幾秒鐘後,程式碼應該成功上傳到您的開發板上。
獲取 IP 地址
上傳程式碼後,斷開連接通用輸入輸出pin的 0接地線. 以 115200 的鮑率打開序列埠監控視窗。按下 ESP32-CAM 開發板的RST按鈕。
ESP32 IP 地址應該會出現在監控視窗中。
訪問視訊串流服務器
現在,您可以訪問local端網路上的相機串流視訊服務器。打開瀏覽器並輸入 ESP32-CAM IP 地址。這樣就可以看到視訊串流的頁面。
找一個子網域設定DNS給視訊IP
我這裏是之前有自己架設一台Nginx Server,我就設定一個子網域的網址給192.168.1.12,這樣就可以用手機上的瀏覽器觀看,這樣有一個好處就是出門在外,就可以隨時觀看串流視訊。如下圖示。
總結
在本教程中,我們向您展示了如何使用 ESP32-CAM 開發板建構一個簡單的視訊串流網路服務器來建構 IP 攝影機。我們建構的 Web 服務器可以輕鬆地使用手機上的瀏覽器,在任何地方就觀看攝影機。
參考文章:https://randomnerdtutorials.com/esp32-cam-video-streaming-web-server-camera-home-assistant/